LightningCast for Convective Initiation and IDSS

LightningCast V2 did a great job predicting lighting development with developing convection along a frontal boundary in northwest Iowa. It outperformed version 1, as shown by the loop and images below.

Animated GIF showing LightningCast V1 (top) and V2 (bottom) with the day cloud phase darkened to show detail. The ENI total lighting (yellow CTG flashes, white cloud flashes) is also displayed.

At 1946Z, V2 has a higher probability of lightning (50%) than V1 (30%).

This trend continued throughout, and at 2016Z the first lighting strike was detected. That’s 30 minutes of lead time, which would be helpful for outdoor event IDSS.

LightningCast at 2016Z with initial cloud to ground strike shown in the yellow dash.

– Updraft

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LightningCast Dashboard

One of the more useful features for DSS messaging today was the Dashboard Request Form for values at our State Track Meet. Since we were operating under the assumption that the go or no-go threshold for this event was lightning within 10 miles, I liked using the dashboard but isolating the Max P 10-mile radius line in pink.

One note of feedback I had was to add some context for what we’re looking in each line at by noting where the data comes from in the legend. I was able to verbally ask a visiting scientist exactly what each line meant and where the data comes from, but this may not always be an option. The suggestion we came up with was adding (5-min, CONUS) and (1-min, MESO) to the legends circled in red so that it’s clear that the 5 minute data came from the CONUS satellite and the 1 minute data comes from one of the mesosectors.

– millibar

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Lightning Cast: Real-Time Monitoring for DSS

The LightningCast Dashboard is an excellent tool to monitor and predict the probability of lightning at a point, which allows us to easily provide decision support services (DSS) for outdoor events.

Here’s an example from today for the Clown Rodeo on the south side of Lubbock, TX:

Notice the LightningCast probabilities for both the ABI and ABI + MRMS generally remained between 0 to 20% during the duration of the event.

These probabilities were associated with developing cumulus clouds in the area, which can be seen in the Day Cloud Phase Distinction RGB:

Typically, if a meteorologist sees developing cumulus similar to shown above in the Day Cloud Phase Distinction RGB, this would result in an increasing concern for lightning at that location. However, it is challenging to quantify this concern and message it probabilistically to our partners. LightningCast gave us confidence to message our partners there is a low probability (10 to 20%) of any lightning strikes within the next hour.

-Vrot

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Using LightningCast and MesoAnywhere for Alligator Wrestling

Since we are relatively limited with the products we can use today as the meso sector doesn’t fully extend down into JAX’s area, I will be mainly using LightningCast and MesoAnywhere today. We are able to use the CONUS sector for GREMLIN, though I’m not too sure how useful it will be today with good radar coverage via KJAX. However, there are some more storms moving in from TAE’s area and with KVAX out for the day, it could prove useful.

There is already some discrepancies with the event so far with LightningCast V2 being slightly more bullish with the threat at the Alligator Wrestling event this afternoon as shown below in Figure 1.

Figure 1: LightningCast V1 (left panel) compared to V2 (right panel).

The LightningCast dashboard also shows this discrepancy (Figure 2) with a notable spike in probabilities from V1 followed by a significant decrease and a pretty gradual increase for V2.

Figure 2: LightningCast dashboard comparing V1 (warmer colored lines) and V2 (green line) over time at the event.

Additionally, MesoAnywhere has proven useful since we do not have a meso sector today. I found that it has been pretty good identifying more dominant storms in decaying clusters with pretty good lead time compared to using 5min imagery. Pretty obvious that this would be useful, but I see it as a pretty great tool as a former Florida WFO meteorologist. A lot can happen in 5 minutes and I see this being quite useful for summertime pulse convection.

As of 4:10PM ET, Lightningcast V2 continues to remain more bullish than V1. Figure 3 shows the contours in AWIPS and Figure 4 shows the dashboard. Both versions appear to be on a steady incline, though V2 is noticeably higher.

Figure 3: AWIPS LightningCast with V1 on the left and V2 on the right. The 30% contour is noticeably further south toward the Gator Wrestling Match and also has higher probabilities off the coast of St. Johns county.

Figure 4: LightningCast dashboard showing the probabilities across each version. As of typing this, both have begun to even out.

However, it does appear that V1 did a better job at picking up on the lightning threat for a storm over in TAE’s area covering Berrien and Lanier counties in GA. In Figure 5 below, both versions had a 90% contour over the developing storm with lightning following not too long after.

Figure 5: LightningCast V1 and V2 indicating the threat of lightning for a storm over Lanier and Berrien counties in GA.

In Figure 6, LightningCast shows the threat decreasing accordingly with time as the storm begins to ingest some cooler air, likely outflow from the southern storms. This product appears to be quite good with initiation and I hope we get more cases like this over the next couple days.

Figure 6: The storm over Berrien/Lanier counties in GA showing less of a signal for lightning over the next 60 minutes as it weakens.

Regarding the Gator Wrestling, chances have decreased to zero over time. Both V1 and V2 remained on the lower end for probabilities and verified well with only one GLM strike within 10mi (Figure 7).

Figure 7: Not a whole lot going on at the Alligator Wrestling Match.

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Convective Decay Using LightningCast

We found LightningCast to be very useful for the decay of pulse-severe type convection. While the probs jumping up were great for CI, the opposite is true for cessation. The loop below demonstrates LightningCast signifying the cluster of cells decaying as they move across the JAX CWA, while remaining in a generally low-end GLM FED and a near constant ice phase. In other words, the LightningCast was a little quicker to jump on weakening trends than satellite data. This would also be very useful for DSS where we can brief a partner with an outdoor event with a quantitative probability that lightning will be over at their point within 60 minutes.

-millibar

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Day 3 – The Train Is On The Tracks OCTANE

I definitely felt more comfortable using OCTANE today and now that I understand it better, I was able to look at it compared to 10.3 imagery and I found that useful in differentiating which storms were still strengthening.

Jason showed us how to play around with the color tables for the OCTANE product and basically invert them so that the purples/pinks (cooler colors) represent cooler cloud tops, and the yellows/oranges/reds are the divergence. Conceptually I think this makes more sense to me putting cooler colors = cooling cloud tops.

GREMLIN

I feel like I saw very mixed results with GREMLIN with this event. There were times when the meso performed the best I’ve seen it all week (below)

…and then just two minutes later, not so much.

I’m not sure what attributed to the sudden drop off on what on radar appeared to be the strongest storm.

Later, GREMLIN seemed to be doing very well with the areas of more stratiform precip, which I don’t believe I’d gotten to see up until this point. Was curious if it typically does better in that type of environment.

LightningCast

I wish I had grabbed more of the LightningCast plots since it was probably the product I was looking at the most since I was doing the DSS messages, but the plot below was the only one I did grab.

I was curious about the sudden dip in the V2 product because I don’t think I’d seen it be lower than both V1 before.

– Lightning McQueen

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DSS messaging with the Lightningcast Dashboard

While doing the DSS for our event in Memphis (the Memphis Firework Preview Show 2) noticed a rather quick uptick in the Lightning V2 and eventually V1 probabilities about 45 mins or so prior to lightning strikes occurring near and around the site. This would give valuable lead time to any partner that was concerned about an outdoor event. It was made slightly easier to have confidence in this decision to mention an increased lightning threat especially looking at the line in satellite and on radar data.

– Sting Jet

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LightningCast Dashboard

Being this was my first time using the Dashboard, It took me a minute to figure out what I was looking at and which was V1 vs V2. But I believe the green line was V2, and it performed comparatively to yesterday in that it was quicker to react to the threat.

– Lightning McQueen

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Web based LightningCast for a DSS event

My office’s internet went down hard for the entire day, so I had to utilize a mobile hot spot. AWIPS in the cloud was very sluggish and unusable on the mobile hotspot so I opted to only utilize the web based tools for today.

With a focus on the Brisket Appreciation Society Annual Bash in Beaumont, TX, storms started to emerge to the west and southwest of the event around 2 PM. I found the DSS dashboard useful when monitoring the specific location, but I wanted to use the LightningCast map as well for overall situational awareness. It was a little difficult for me to find exactly where the location was, so it would be useful for the map to have a dynamic layer for the DSS events.

I created a public graphic around the time lightning started near the to move closer to the DSS event. I generally utilized radar and LightningCast dashboard for the DSS event for the messaging. I did not include an image of the LightningCast for the graphic because it was already above 80% when I created the image. Because of this, there was very high confidence that lightning would occur, with the goal of the graphic to inform people of the approaching storms and the associated hazards.

LightningCast (both v1 and v2) stayed very high during the entirety of the event. When looking at the DSS dashboard, the probabilities within for the event increased to >80% 30 minutes before lightning was within a 10 mile radius of the event. There was an issue with the 1 minute data that caused that dip to 0. However, the 1 minute data is very noisy, and in this case, is not an improvement when compared to the 5 minute data.

– Golden Retriever Lover

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LightningCast Comparison for Cabbage, Potato, and Bacon Festival near Hastings, FL (JAX CWA) on Wednesday May 7th

LC V2 did better with lightning cessation showing lightning probabilities dropping quicker as convection moved east of the DSS event which it title “HOME”. This allowed for more timely DSS updates to partners mentioning the lightning threat was diminishing, at least over the next hour or so. LC V2 also did better with storms to the south which we will talk about more below.

LC V2 showed higher probabilities for lightning quicker for developing storms near southern portions of the county warning area. V2 also lowered probabilities quicker once the storms temporarily pulsed down. I do believe one or both of these storms eventually pulsed up again after this though so it is possible V1 performed slightly better in this scenario by keeping slightly higher lightning probabilities.

LC V2 had tighter areal extent of lightning probabilities overall which was more helpful and accurate. May just need to be a little more weary of sensitivity to decreasing lightning probs too quickly for pulse thunderstorms in the summer.

– Ricky Bobby

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